Ngokutsho kweReuters, uNdunankulu waseMalaysia u-Anwar Ibrahim uthe ngoMvulo (ngoSeptemba 11) ukuba iMalaysia iya kuphuhlisa umgaqo-nkqubo wokuthintela ukuthunyelwa kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ukukhusela ukulahlekelwa kwezixhobo ezinjalo zeqhinga ngenxa yemigodi engavumelekanga kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle.
U-Anwar wongeze ukuba urhulumente uya kuxhasa uphuhliso lweshishini lomhlaba elinqabileyo laseMalaysia, kwaye ukuvalwa kuya "kuqinisekisa imbuyekezo ephezulu yelizwe," kodwa akazange achaze ukuba ukuvalwa okucetywayo kuya kuqala nini ukusebenza.Siqulunqa idatha malunga nokugcinwa komhlaba onqabileyo waseMalaysia, imveliso, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kunye nesabelo sehlabathi ukujonga impembelelo yayo kwimarike yehlabathi.
Oovimba: Ngo-2022, iindawo zokugcina umhlaba ezinqabileyo zimalunga ne-130 lezigidi zeetoni, kwaye iindawo zokugcina umhlaba ezinqabileyo zaseMalaysia zimalunga neetoni ezingama-30000.
Ngokutsho kweUnited States Geological Survey,Idatha ye-USGSekhutshiweyo, ngokwemiqathango yoovimba behlabathi, oovimba bomhlaba obunqabileyo behlabathi bebonke ngo-2022 babemalunga ne-130 lezigidi zeetoni, oovimba baseTshayina babezizigidi ezingama-44 zeetoni (35.01%), oovimba baseVietnam babezizigidi ezingama-22 zeetoni (17.50%), oovimba baseBrazil babezizigidi ezingama-21. iitoni (16.71%), oovimba eRashiya 21 million iitoni (16.71%), kwaye amazwe amane akhawunti iyonke 85.93% oovimba zehlabathi, ngelixa abanye 14.07%.Ukusuka kwitheyibhile yogcino kulo mzobo ungasentla, ubukho beMalaysia abubonakali, ngelixa idatha eqikelelweyo evela kwi-USGS ngo-2019 ibonisa ukuba iindawo zokugcina umhlaba ezinqabileyo zaseMalaysia ziqikelelwa kwiitoni ezingama-30000, yinxalenye encinci nje yogcino lwehlabathi, ebalwa malunga ne-0.02%.
Imveliso: IMalaysia ibalelwa malunga ne-0.16% yemveliso yehlabathi ngo-2018
Ngokutsho kwedatha ekhutshwe yi-USGS, ngokubhekiselele kwimveliso yehlabathi, imveliso ye-mineral enqabileyo yomhlaba ngo-2022 yayiyi-300000 yeetoni, apho imveliso yase-China yayiyi-210000 yeetoni, ibala i-70% yemveliso yehlabathi iyonke.Phakathi kwamanye amazwe, ngo-2022, iUnited States yavelisa iitoni ezingama-43000 zomhlaba onqabileyo (14.3%), i-Australia yavelisa iitoni ze-18000 (6%), kwaye iMyanmar yavelisa iitoni ze-12000 (4%).Akukabikho bungqina bobukho beMalaysia kwitshathi yemveliso, ebonisa ukuba imveliso yayo nayo inqabile.Ngenxa yokuba imveliso yomhlaba enqabileyo yaseMalaysia incinci kwaye idatha yayo yokuvelisa inqabile, ngokwengxelo ye-2018 Mining Commodity Summary Report ekhutshwe yi-USGS, i-Malaysia's rare earth (REO) imveliso yi-300 tons.Ngokutsho kwedatha ekhutshwe kwiSemina yoPhuhliso lweShishini le-ASEAN ye-Rare Earth, imveliso yomhlaba enqabileyo yehlabathi ngo-2018 yayimalunga neetoni ze-190000, ukwanda kweetoni ezimalunga ne-56000 ukusuka kwi-134000 yeetoni ngo-2017. Imveliso yaseMalaysia yeetoni ezingama-300 ngo-2018 xa kuthelekiswa ne-1900020 , ibalwa malunga ne-0.16%.
Ngokweenkcukacha-manani, iMalaysia yathumela ngaphandle i-22505.12 yeetoni zeemetric ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ngo-2022, kunye ne-17309.44 yeetoni ze-metric zeekhompawundi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ngo-2021. Ngokwedatha yokungenisa evela kuLawulo Jikelele lweSiko laseChina, umthamo wokungenisa oxutyiweyo onqabileyo. umhlaba carbonate e-China yayimalunga neetoni ezingama-9631.46 kwiinyanga ezisixhenxe zokuqala zika-2023. Phakathi kwazo, malunga ne-6015.77 yeetoni zomxube onqabileyo we-carbonate yomhlaba zivela eMalaysia, zibalelwa kwi-62.46% ye-China edibeneyo enqabileyo yomhlaba ye-carbonate evela kumazwe angaphandle kwiinyanga ezisixhenxe zokuqala.Lo mlinganiso wenza iMalaysia ibe lelona lizwe likhulu kwiChina exutyiweyo enqabileyo yomhlaba carbonate ethenga kumazwe angaphandle kwiinyanga ezisixhenxe zokuqala.Ngokwembono yomxube onqabileyo we-carbonate yomhlaba, iMalaysia ngokwenene ingumthombo obalulekileyo womxube onqabileyo we-carbonate yomhlaba e-China.Nangona kunjalo, xa kuqwalaselwa isixa sisonke seeminerali zesinyithi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kunye neeoksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ezingafakwanga kumazwe angaphandle yi-China, umyinge wolu luhlu lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe awukabi phezulu.Kwiinyanga ezisixhenxe zokuqala zalo nyaka, i-China ingenise i-105750.4 yeetoni zeemveliso zomhlaba ezinqabileyo.Umyinge we-6015.77 yeetoni ze-earth carbonate ezixutywe nezinqabileyo ezisuka eMalaysia kwiinyanga ezisixhenxe zokuqala zalo nyaka zibalele malunga ne-5.69% yemveliso yomhlaba enqabileyo eChina iyonke kwiinyanga ezisixhenxe zokuqala.
Impembelelo: Impembelelo encinci kubonelelo lomhlaba olunqabileyo lwehlabathi, uncedo lwexeshana elifutshane lokukhulisa ukuzithemba kwimarike yomhlaba onqabileyo
Ukusuka koovimba bomhlaba obunqabileyo baseMalaysia, imveliso, kunye nedatha yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle, kunokubonwa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo wayo wokuthintela ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe umhlaba onqabileyo unempembelelo encinci kubonelelo lomhlaba onqabileyo waseTshayina kunye nehlabathi jikelele.Ukuqwalasela ukuba u-Anwar akazange athethe ixesha lokuphunyezwa kokuvinjelwa, emva koko, kusekho ixesha elithile ukusuka kwisiphakamiso somgaqo-nkqubo ekuphunyezweni, okunempembelelo encinci kwimarike.Nangona kunjalo, umlinganiselo wokugcinwa komhlaba onqabileyo kunye nemveliso eMalaysia awuphezulu, kutheni usatsala ingqalelo yentengiso?Umhlalutyi weProjekthi yeBlue uDavid Merriman uthe impembelelo yokuvalwa kweMalaysia ayikacaci ngenxa yokungabikho kweenkcukacha, kodwa ukuvalwa komhlaba onqabileyo kunokuchaphazela iinkampani ezisebenza kwamanye amazwe aseMalaysia.Njengoko kukhankanyiwe yiReuters, isigebenga somhlaba esinqabileyo saseOstreliya iLynas Rare Earth Limited sinefektri eMalaysia eqhuba iiminerali zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ezizifumana eOstreliya.Okwangoku akukacaci ukuba isithintelo sokuthumela ngaphandle esicwangcisiweyo saseMalaysia siza kumchaphazela uLynas, kwaye uLynas akaphendulanga.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iMalaysia iphumeze izithintelo kwimisebenzi ethile yokusetyenzwa kweLynas ngenxa yenkxalabo malunga namanqanaba emitha eveliswa kukuqhekeka kunye nokutshiza.ULynas waziphikisa ezi zityholo kwaye wathi ziyayithobela imimiselo efanelekileyo.
Ukuvalwa kwezithethe zakutsha nje eMyanmar, ukulungiswa kwemiba yokongamela indalo kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo kwingingqi yaseLongnan, kunye nokuvalwa okucetywayo kokuthunyelwa ngaphandle komhlaba okunqabileyo eMalaysia kubangele ukuphazamiseka kokubonelela ngokuqhubekayo.Nangona oku kungekabi nampembelelo kokona kubonelelwa kwimarike, kuye kwavelisa ulindelo lonikezelo oluqinileyo, oluthe lwavuselela uvakalelo lwemarike.Idityaniswe neempembelelo zamashishini asezantsi njengeiimagnethi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ezisisigxinakwayeiinjini zombanengexesha lexesha eliphakamileyo, imarike yomhlaba enqabileyo isandula ukufumana ukunyuka kukonke.Ukuqwalasela impembelelo yale miba ingasentla, ezinye iingcali ziqikelela ukuba amaxabiso anqabileyo asemhlabeni aya kugcina umkhwa onamandla ngoSeptemba ngaphandle kokuba kukho utshintsho olubalulekileyo ekuboneleleni nasekufuneni.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-19-2023