Ibhetshi yokuqala yombiwa komhlaba onqabileyo kunye nesabelo sokunyibilikisa sakhutshwa ngo-2024, iqhubeka nemeko yokukhanya okungapheliyo okunqabileyo kwesabelo sombiwa komhlaba kunye nobonelelo oluqinileyo kunye nemfuneko yomhlaba onqabileyo ophakathi kunye nobunzima. Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-batch yokuqala ye-index ye-rare world index ikhutshwe ngaphezu kwenyanga ngaphambi kwe-index ye-index efanayo kunyaka odlulileyo, kwaye ngaphantsi kweenyanga ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba i-batch yesithathu ye-index ye-rare ekhutshwe ngo-2023.
Ngorhatya lwe-6 kaFebruwari, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi kunye neSebe lezeNdalo bakhuphe isaziso malunga nenani elipheleleyo lolawulo lwebhetshi yokuqala yemigodi yomhlaba enqabileyo, ukunyibilikiswa kunye nokwahlula ngo-2024 (emva koku kubhekiselwa kuso njenge "Saziso. ”). Isaziso sibonise ukuba inani elipheleleyo lolawulo lwebhetshi yokuqala yemigodi yomhlaba enqabileyo, ukunyibilikiswa kunye nokwahlula ngo-2024 yayiziitoni eziyi-135000 kunye ne-127000 yeetoni, ngokulandelelanayo, ukwanda kwe-12.5% kunye ne-10.4% xa kuthelekiswa nebhetshi efanayo ngo-2023, kodwa i izinga lokukhula konyaka-nyaka liye lehla. Kwibhetshi yokuqala yezalathi zemigodi yomhlaba enqabileyo ngo-2024, izinga lokukhula kokukhanya okunqabileyo kwemigodi yomhlaba liye lehla kakhulu, ngelixa izikhombisi zemigodi yomhlaba enqabileyo ephakathi kunye nobunzima ibonise ukukhula okungalunganga. NgokweSaziso, ibhetshi yokuqala yezalathi zokukhanya ezinqabileyo zokumbiwa kwemigodi kulo nyaka yi-124900 yeetoni, ukwanda kwe-14.5% xa kuthelekiswa nebhetshi efanayo kunyaka ophelileyo, iphantsi kakhulu kunesantya sokukhula se-22.11% kwibhetshi efanayo kunyaka ophelileyo; Ngokumalunga nemigodi yomhlaba enqabileyo ephakathi kunye nenzima, ibhetshi yokuqala yezalathi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo neziphakathi nezinzima kulo nyaka ibiziitoni ezili-10100, ukuhla nge-7.3% xa kuthelekiswa nebhetshi enye kulo nyaka uphelileyo.
Ukusuka kule datha ingasentla, kunokubonwa ukuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje, izalathi zonyaka zemigodi kunye nokunyibilikiswa komhlaba ezinqabileyo ziye zanda ngokuqhubekayo, ubukhulu becala i-quota yemihlaba enqabileyo yokukhanya iye yanda unyaka nonyaka, ngelixa i-quota yemihlaba enqabileyo ephakathi kunye nenzima. yahlala ingatshintshanga. Isalathiso sehlabathi eliphakathi kunye nesinzima esinqabileyo asinyukanga iminyaka emininzi, kwaye sehlile kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo. Kwelinye icala, oku kungenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-pool leaching kunye neendlela zokuvuza kwemfumba kwimigodi yohlobo lwe-ion yomhlaba enqabileyo, nto leyo eya kubangela isoyikiso esibonakalayo kwindalo esingqongileyo yendawo yemigodi; Kwelinye icala, ubutyebi bomhlaba obunqabileyo obuphakathi kunye nobunzima baseTshayina bunqongophele, kwaye eli lizwe alikhange libonelele ngemigodi eyongeziweyo ukuze kukhuselwe imithombo yobutyebi ebalulekileyo yeqhinga.
Ukongeza, ngokutsho kwedatha evela kuLawulo Jikelele lweCustoms, ngo-2023, i-China yangenisa i-175852.5 yeetoni zezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-44.8%. Ngo-2023, i-China yangenisa ngaphandle iitoni ezingama-43856 zee-oksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ezingachazwanga, ukonyuka konyaka ngonyaka ngama-206%. Ngo-2023, ukuthengwa kwe-carbonate yomhlaba engaqhelekanga yase-China exutyiweyo nako kunyuke kakhulu, kunye nomthamo wokungenisa elizweni owongezelekayo we-15109 yeetoni, ukonyuka konyaka ukuya kutsho kuma-882%. Ukusuka kwizibalo zamasiko, kunokubonwa ukuba ukungeniswa kweChina kweeminerali zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ze-ionic ezivela eMyanmar nakwamanye amazwe ziye zanda kakhulu ngo-2023. Ukuqwalasela ukubonelelwa okwaneleyo kweeminerali zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ze-ionic, ukwanda okulandelayo kwezalathi ze-ionic ezinqabileyo zomhlaba izimbiwa umda.
Isakhiwo sokwabiwa kwebhetshi yokuqala yezinto ezinqabileyo zokumbiwa komhlaba kunye nezalathi zokunyibilikisa ziye zahlengahlengiswa kulo nyaka, kunye neQela le-China Rare Earth kunye neQela le-Northern Rare Earth eliseleyo kwiSaziso, ngelixa i-Xiamen Tungsten kunye ne-Guangdong Rare Earth Group ayibandakanywanga. Ngokwesakhiwo, i-China Rare Earth Group kuphela kweqela lomhlaba elinqabileyo elinezalathi zokukhanya kwemigodi yomhlaba enqabileyo kunye nemigodi yomhlaba enzima ephakathi. Kwimihlaba enqabileyo ephakathi kunye nenzima, ukuqiniswa kwezalathi kugxininisa ngakumbi ukunqongophala kunye nesicwangciso sobuchule bendawo, ngelixa ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo kwecala lokubonelela kuya kuqhubeka kwandisa ubume boshishino.
Iingcali zoshishino zithi isalathisi somhlaba esinqabileyo sinokuqhubeka sikhula njengesinyithi esisezantsi kunyeiifektri eziphathekayo eziphathekayoukuqhubeka nokwandisa imveliso. Nangona kunjalo, kulindeleke ukuba izinga lokukhula kwezalathi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo liya kuthotha kakhulu kwixesha elizayo. Okwangoku, kukho unikezelo olwaneleyo lwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, kodwa ngenxa yamaxabiso aphantsi emarike, inzuzo yokuphela kwemigodi iye yaxinzelelwa, kwaye abanini bafikelele kwinqanaba apho bangenako ukuqhubeka benika inzuzo.
Ngo-2024, umgaqo wolawulo lobungakanani obupheleleyo uya kuhlala ungatshintshi kwicala lokubonelela, ngelixa icala lemfuno liya kuxhamla ekukhuleni okukhawulezayo kwimimandla yezithuthi zamandla amatsha, amandla omoya, kunye neerobhothi zezoshishino. Ipatheni yemfuno yobonelelo inokutshintshela kunikezelo olungaphaya kwemfuno. Kulindeleke ukuba imfuno yehlabathi yeI-Praseodymium Neodymium oxideiya kufikelela kwi-97100 yeetoni ngo-2024, ukwanda kweetoni ze-11000 unyaka nonyaka. Unikezelo lwaluziitoni ezingama-96300, ukwanda kweetoni ezingama-3500 unyaka nonyaka; umsantsa wonikezelo-imfuno yi-800 yeetoni. Kwangaxeshanye, kunye nokukhawuleza ukudityaniswa kwetsheyini yoshishino lomhlaba onqabileyo waseTshayina kunye nokwanda koxinzelelo lweshishini, amandla entetho yamaqela omhlaba anqabileyo kwikhonkco leshishini kunye nokukwazi kwawo ukulawula amaxabiso kulindeleke ukuba anyuke, kunye nenkxaso amaxabiso omhlaba anqabileyo kulindeleke ukuba omelezwe. Imathiriyeli yemagnethi esisigxina yeyona ibalulekileyo nethembisayo intsimi yesicelo esezantsi kumhlaba onqabileyo. Imveliso emele izinto zemagnethi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezisisigxina, imagnethi esebenza kakhulu yeNeodymium, isetyenziswa ikakhulu kumasimi aneempawu zokukhula okuphezulu njengezithuthi zamandla amatsha, iiinjini zomoya, kunyeiirobhothi zoshishino. Iingcali ziqikelela ukuba imfuno yehlabathi ye-high-performance Neodymium Iron Boron magnet iya kufikelela kwi-183000 yeetoni ngo-2024, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-13.8%.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-19-2024