eTshayinaizinto ezisisigxina umazibutheishishini lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ehlabathini.Akukho kuphela amashishini amaninzi abandakanyekayo kwimveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa, kodwa nomsebenzi wophando sele ukwi-ascendant.Izinto zemagnethi ezisisigxina zohlulwe kakhuluumazibuthe womhlaba onqabileyo, umazibuthe wesinyithi osisigxina, imagnethi edibeneyo edibeneyo kunye nemagnethi esisigxina yeferrite.Phakathi kwabo,Imagnethi yomhlaba yeNeodymium enqabileyoyimveliso yemagnethi esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwaye ikhula ngokukhawuleza.
1. I-China ithatha ithuba lezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ze-Neodymium zamagnetic.
I-China lelona lizwe livelisa izimbiwa ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, libalelwa kuma-62.9% emveliso yezimbiwa ezinqabileyo zizonke ngo-2019, ilandelwa yi-United States ne-Australia, ibalwa kwi-12.4% kunye ne-10% ngokulandelelanayo.Enkosi koovimba bomhlaba obunqabileyo, i-China iye yaba lelona siseko likhulu lemveliso kunye nesiseko sokuthumela ngaphandle kweemagnethi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo.Ngokwezibalo ze-China Rare Earth Industry Association, ngo-2018, i-China yavelisa iitoni eziyi-138000 zemagnethi ye-Neodymium, ibala i-87% yemveliso yehlabathi, phantse amaxesha ali-10 eJapan, eyesibini ngobukhulu emhlabeni.
2. Iimagnethi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zeNeodymium zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi.
Ngokombono wemimandla yesicelo, imagnethi yeNeodymium enesiphelo esisezantsi isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwintengiso yemagnethi, ukwahlula kumagnethi, ibhayisekile yombane, intsimbi yemithwalo, intsimbi yomnyango, iithoyi kunye nezinye iindawo, ngelixa imagnethi yeNeodymium esebenza kakhulu isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zombane. iimotor, kubandakanya eyonga amandla emoto, imotor yemoto, ukuvelisa amandla omoya, izixhobo ezivakalayo ezibonwayo, i-elevator motor, njl.
3. Izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zaseChina zeNeodymium zikhula ngokuthe ngcembe.
Ukusukela ngo-2000, iChina iye yaba lelona lizwe livelisa iimagnethi zeNeodymium ezinqabileyo emhlabeni.Ngophuhliso lwezicelo ezisezantsi, ukuveliswa kwezixhobo zemagneti zeNdFeB eChina kuye kwanda ngokukhawuleza.Ngokwedatha ye-China Rare Earth Industry Association ngo-2019, imveliso ye-sintered Neodymium blanks yayiyi-170000 yeetoni, ibalelwa kwi-94.3% yesiphumo sisonke semathiriyeli yemagnethi ye-Neodymium ngaloo nyaka, i-NdFeB ebalelwa kwi-4.4%, kunye nezinye iziphumo zizonke. Ibalelwa kwi-1.3% kuphela.
4. Imveliso yemagnethi ye-Neodymium yaseChina kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke nokunyuka.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-NdFeB ezantsi kwihlabathi jikelele isasazwe kushishino lweemoto, ibhasi kunye nomzila kaloliwe, irobhothi ekrelekrele, ukuveliswa kwamandla omoya kunye nezithuthi zamandla amatsha.Izinga lokukhula kwamashishini angasentla kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo yonke iya kudlula i-10%, eya kukhokelela ekwandeni kwemveliso ye-Neodymium e-China.Kuqikelelwa ukuba imveliso ye-Neodymium magnet e-China iya kugcina izinga lokukhula kwe-6% kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo, kwaye iya kudlula iitoni ze-260000 ngo-2025.
5. Imfuno yokusebenza okuphezulu kwezixhobo zemagnethi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kulindeleke ukuba zikhule.
Iimagnethi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ezisebenza kakhulu zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimimandla yezoqoqosho enekhabhoni ephantsi, njengokugcina amandla kunye noshishino lokuvelisa ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.Njengoko amazwe ehlabathini lonke etyala imali eninzi kwikhabhoni ephantsi, ukonga amandla kunye nokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kwishishini lemveliso kunye nokukhuthaza iimveliso eziluhlaza, amazwe atyala imali eninzi kwikhabhoni ephantsi, ukonga amandla kunye nemveliso yokhuselo lokusingqongileyo kunye nokukhuthaza iimveliso eziluhlaza Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwekhabhoni ephantsi Amashishini asakhasayo afana nezithuthi zamandla amatsha, iirobhothi zokuvelisa amandla omoya kunye nokuveliswa ngobuchule, imfuno yemagnethi yomhlaba esisigxina esebenza ngokuphezulu kulindeleke ukuba ikhule.Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwamashishini asakhasayo, imfuno yezixhobo zemagnethi yomhlaba esebenza ngokuphezulu kulindeleke ukuba ikhule.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-06-2021